An assessment of the impact of ethnic discrimination on social cohesion: A case study of Gboko Local Government Area, Benue State
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Background of the Study
Ethnic discrimination remains a persistent challenge in Nigeria, contributing to social fragmentation and conflict in various communities. Gboko Local Government Area, a significant cultural and economic center in Benue State, has experienced inter-ethnic tensions over political representation, land ownership, and access to public resources (Okoh, 2023). Ethnic discrimination often manifests in biased policies, unequal economic opportunities, and prejudiced social interactions, which can erode trust among different ethnic groups and weaken social cohesion.
Social cohesion is essential for peaceful coexistence, economic progress, and community development. However, when ethnic discrimination persists, it fosters resentment, increases hostility, and heightens the risk of conflict (Adamu & Edeh, 2024). In Gboko, historical tensions between ethnic groups such as the Tiv and other minorities have contributed to divisions that impact governance, economic activities, and security.
This study seeks to assess the extent to which ethnic discrimination affects social cohesion in Gboko, with a focus on its impact on intergroup relationships, economic opportunities, and political representation.
Statement of the Problem
Nigeria’s multi-ethnic composition presents both opportunities for diversity and challenges in maintaining unity. In Gboko LGA, ethnic discrimination has contributed to tensions that hinder community development and peaceful coexistence. Instances of marginalization in employment, political representation, and resource allocation have created divisions, making it difficult for different ethnic groups to work together (Usman, 2025).
Despite government and civil society efforts to promote inclusion, ethnic discrimination remains a challenge in Gboko. This study seeks to assess how ethnic discrimination affects social cohesion and explore possible solutions to mitigate its impact.
Objectives of the Study
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To evaluate the impact of ethnic discrimination on social cohesion in Gboko LGA.
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To identify the key factors contributing to ethnic discrimination in the region.
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To propose measures for improving social cohesion in multi-ethnic communities.
Research Questions
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How does ethnic discrimination affect social cohesion in Gboko LGA?
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What are the major factors contributing to ethnic discrimination in the region?
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What measures can be taken to improve social cohesion among different ethnic groups in Gboko?
Research Hypotheses
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Ethnic discrimination significantly weakens social cohesion in Gboko LGA.
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Political and economic marginalization are key drivers of ethnic discrimination in Gboko.
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Promoting inclusive governance and interethnic dialogue will improve social cohesion in Gboko LGA.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the effects of ethnic discrimination on social cohesion in Gboko LGA, Benue State, . Data will be collected from residents, local leaders, and policymakers through interviews and surveys. A limitation of the study is the potential bias in responses, as individuals may be reluctant to discuss ethnic discrimination openly.
Definitions of Terms
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Ethnic Discrimination: Unfair treatment of individuals or groups based on their ethnic background, often leading to exclusion from social, political, and economic opportunities.
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Social Cohesion: The degree of unity and trust within a community, enabling individuals and groups to cooperate and coexist peacefully.
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Marginalization: The process by which certain groups are excluded from participation in social, economic, or political life.
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